How do solar panels work?

Quick answer

The practical explanation

Photovoltaic cells absorb energy from sunlight and produce direct-current electricity. An inverter converts that electricity into alternating current that a home can use, while the utility grid or a properly configured battery handles differences between production and demand.

What to know

Three points to keep in mind

• Panels create electricity from sunlight rather than heat.
• The inverter makes panel output usable by household circuits.
• A grid-connected home can import power whenever the array is not producing enough.

For your home

A site-specific answer still matters

Solar results and service needs depend on the roof, equipment, shade, household electricity use, utility requirements, and the condition of the existing system. Use this guide as a starting point, then have the property and equipment evaluated before making a major decision.